Patterns of Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarkers and Amyloid Positron Emission Tomography in a Patient with Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy-Related Inflammation

Cerebral amyloid angiopathy-related inflammation (CAA-RI) is a distinct subset of cerebral amyloid angiopathy characterized by the auto-inflammatory response to amyloid-laden small arteries of cerebral cortex and leptomeninges. Clinical features include cognitive-behavioral change, headache, focal neurologic deficits and seizure. Because anti-inflammatory treatments can rapidly relieve neurologic symptoms, early diagnosis is critical. Herein, we report a CAA-RI case with distinct laboratory findings of a decreased cerebrospinal fluid amyloid beta 1-42 level and relatively reduced florbetaben uptake in the focal inflammatory lesion during the acute phase of CAA-RI.

Patterns of Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarkers and Amyloid Positron Emission Tomography in a Patient with Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy-Related Inflammation

Cerebral amyloid angiopathy-related inflammation (CAA-RI) is a distinct subset of cerebral amyloid angiopathy characterized by the auto-inflammatory response to amyloid-laden small arteries of cerebral cortex and leptomeninges. Clinical features include cognitive-behavioral change, headache, focal neurologic deficits and seizure. Because anti-inflammatory treatments can rapidly relieve neurologic symptoms, early diagnosis is critical. Herein, we report a CAA-RI case with distinct laboratory findings of a decreased cerebrospinal fluid amyloid beta 1-42 level and relatively reduced florbetaben uptake in the focal inflammatory lesion during the acute phase of CAA-RI.

A Case of Residual Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma Detected by 18F-FDG-PET/CT in Patient with Persistent Hypercalcitoninemia

Medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) is a rare and challenging malignancy. In patients with residual MTC, the tumor detection rate is generally low for most of the currently available imaging techniques. Various imaging methods have already been used for the detection of residual tumor, but no modality has been shown to be superior to others. 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT) has recently been proposed to identify residual MTC, but this procedure also has limitations as small masses are rarely detected. So, a multimodality imaging approach is recommended for detecting residual MTC. We report here on a case of residual MTC that was detected by 18F-FDG PET/CT in a patient with persistent hypercalcitoninemia after total thyroidectomy and bilateral lymph node dissection.

Experience of Osteomyelitis of the Pubic Symphysis Following Surgical Treatment of Perianal Necrotizing Fasciitis

Osteomyelitis of the pubic symphysis is not common and has often been reported to occur after urological or gynecological procedures. It can be spontaneous in origin but it also is associated with trauma, athletic exertion, pregnancy, and parturition. The early symptoms of osteomyelitis of the pubic symphysis mimic those of osteitis pubis, and therefore, the differential diagnosis between these two entities is of clinical importance. A fifty nine-year-old man who had previously received debridement and wide excision of perianal necrotizing fasciitis visited our hospital with pain on both inguinal areas. The core biopsy of the pubic symphysis and aspiration culture were performed, from which Pseudomonas aeruginosa was recovered. He was treated with parenteral ceftazidime for 5 days followed by cefepime for 7 weeks and showed favorable clinical response. To our knowledge, this is the first report on osteomyelitis of pubic symphysis resulting from debridement and wide excision of perianal necrotizing fasciitis in Korea.

Experience of Osteomyelitis of the Pubic Symphysis Following Surgical Treatment of Perianal Necrotizing Fasciitis

Osteomyelitis of the pubic symphysis is not common and has often been reported to occur after urological or gynecological procedures. It can be spontaneous in origin but it also is associated with trauma, athletic exertion, pregnancy, and parturition. The early symptoms of osteomyelitis of the pubic symphysis mimic those of osteitis pubis, and therefore, the differential diagnosis between these two entities is of clinical importance. A fifty nine-year-old man who had previously received debridement and wide excision of perianal necrotizing fasciitis visited our hospital with pain on both inguinal areas. The core biopsy of the pubic symphysis and aspiration culture were performed, from which Pseudomonas aeruginosa was recovered. He was treated with parenteral ceftazidime for 5 days followed by cefepime for 7 weeks and showed favorable clinical response. To our knowledge, this is the first report on osteomyelitis of pubic symphysis resulting from debridement and wide excision of perianal necrotizing fasciitis in Korea.

A Case of Tracheomegaly and Recurrent Pneumomediastinum Combined with Pulmonary Fibrosis / 결핵및호흡기질환

Tracheomegaly is a distinctive condition that presents with marked dilation of the trachea. Spontaneous pneumomediastinum is the result of alveolar rupture with dissection of the airway along the bronchus and into the mediastinum. Tracheomegaly and recurrent spontaneous pneumomediastinum are rare complications of pulmonary fibrosis when combined with rheumatoid arthritis. We present a case of tracheomegaly and recurrent spontaneous pneumomediastinum that was precipitated by repeated respiratory infection and chronic cough in a patient with pulmonary fibrosis that was associated with rheumatoid arthritis.

Two Cases of Vivax Malaria Accompanied by Splenic Complications (such as splenic rupture and splenic infarction)

Malaria is a protozoan disease transmitted by Anopheles mosquitoes. Since Plasmodium vivax malaria reemerged in the north west areas of South Korea in 1993, many cases with various manifestations have been reported. Clinicians should be aware of the rare and severe complications as well as the common complications. Splenic complications such as hematoma formation, rupture, torsion, cyst formation, and infarction are unusual manifestations of tertian malaria; therefore, we present two cases of P. vivax malaria with severe splenic complications with review of literature. One had a splenic infarction and the other had a splenic rupture, which was diagnosed by computed tomography. Both patients were successfully treated with a conservative approach.

Two Cases of Vivax Malaria Accompanied by Splenic Complications (such as splenic rupture and splenic infarction)

Malaria is a protozoan disease transmitted by Anopheles mosquitoes. Since Plasmodium vivax malaria reemerged in the north west areas of South Korea in 1993, many cases with various manifestations have been reported. Clinicians should be aware of the rare and severe complications as well as the common complications. Splenic complications such as hematoma formation, rupture, torsion, cyst formation, and infarction are unusual manifestations of tertian malaria; therefore, we present two cases of P. vivax malaria with severe splenic complications with review of literature. One had a splenic infarction and the other had a splenic rupture, which was diagnosed by computed tomography. Both patients were successfully treated with a conservative approach.

Resistance to Thyroid Hormone with Missense Mutation (V349M) in the Thyroid Hormone Receptor Beta Gene

Resistance to thyroid hormone (RTH) is a syndrome characterized by reduced sensitivity to the thyroid hormone. It is generally caused by mutations in the thyroid hormone receptor beta (TRbeta) gene. On the basis of its clinical features, two different forms of this syndrome have been described: generalized resistance and pituitary resistance. A total of 122 TRbeta gene mutations have been identified thus far. A 38-year-old woman presented with intermittent palpitation. Thyroid function tests revealed elevated levels of free T4 and TSH. TSH alpha-subunit levels were 0.41 mIU/mL, and magnetic resonance images of the sellar region evidenced no abnormal findings. The TSH response to TRH stimulation was found to be normal. The sequence analysis of the TRbeta gene verified a missense mutation in exon 11, and the observed amino acid alteration was a substitution of a valine for a methionine at codon 349. We report the first case of a woman with RTH, which was found to be caused by a missense mutation (V349M) in the TRbeta gene.

A Case of Lung Involvement Showing Multiple Lung Cysts in Primary Sjogren's Syndrome / 결핵및호흡기질환

No abstract available.

A Case of Goodpasture's Syndrome Combined with Crohn's Disease / 결핵및호흡기질환

A 29-year-old male patient was admitted due to his general weakness and poor oral intake for several months. He was diagnosed as having Crohn disease 16 years ago and total colectomy was performed 10 years ago. On the 3rd day after admission, gross hematuria and sudden hemoptysis combined with diffuse infiltration were noted on chest X-ray. His symptoms and the diffusely increased lung opacities improved with administering high-dose steroid therapy. Later, anti-GBM antibody was found to be positive on the laboratory findings. We report here on a rare case of Goodpsture syndrome combined with prolonged Crohn disease along with a review of literature.

Infection of Strongyloides Stercoralis in Stomach Cancer Patient

Strongyloides stercoralis is an intestinal nematode that infects a large portion of the world's population, especially in tropical climates, where the warm, moist soil offers an environment suited to the development of the larvae. In immuno-compromised hosts, receiving corticosteroids, immunosuppressive drugs or radiotherapy, especially in those with AIDS, large numbers of invasive strongyloides larvae can disseminate widely, which can be fatal. In Korea, several cases of strongyloides hyperinfection have been reported since 1959, and a case of strongyloides hyperinfection, accompanied with metastatic stomach cancer, was reported recently. We experienced a case of strongyloides infection, accompanied with early gastric cancer, and also suffering from bronchial asthma. The patient was treated with albendazole, 200 mg, twice-a-day for 3 days, 1 month after a radical gastric cancer operation. Thereafter, the respiratory symptoms of the patient, including asthmatic attacks, improved.